Figure 6.

The macrophage polarization and inflammatory effects of HCTZ were dependent on TLR4 signaling

(A–N) FBG (A), FINS (B), HOMA-IR (C), OGTT (D), OGTT-AUC (E), ITT (F), and ITT-AUC (G) in mice treated with the TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242 (n = 6–8 per group); FBG (H), FINS (I), HOMA-IR (J), OGTT (K), OGTT-AUC (L), ITT (M), and ITT-AUC (N) in WT or Tlr4^−/− mice treated with HCTZ or vehicle control (n = 4–5 per group). ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01. Data are represented as mean ± SEM.

(O and P) (O) Representative CD80 staining of hepatic F4/80⁺ macrophages of WT or Tlr4^−/− mice treated with HCTZ or vehicle control.

(P) Flow cytometry analysis of CD80⁺-F4/80⁺ macrophages (n = 4–5 per group). ∗∗p < 0.01. Data are represented as mean ± SEM.

(Q and R) (Q) Representative CD206 staining of hepatic F4/80⁺ macrophages of WT or Tlr4^−/− mice treated with HCTZ or vehicle control.

(R) Flow cytometry analysis of CD206⁺-F4/80⁺ macrophages (n = 4–5 per group). ∗∗p < 0.01. Data are represented as mean ± SEM.