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. 2023 Jun 28;29:16–35. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.06.013

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

Upstream and downstream processing choices when preparing medicinal products containing MSC-secretome and EVs. As “the product is the process”, any minimal changes introduced may affect the qualitative and quantitative composition and biological activity of the final product. However, this can be exploited to “educate” cells to produce personalized secretome/EVs. Created with BioRender.com.