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. 2023 Jul 12;13:11303. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-38316-1

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Box plot of the PNS pattern evaluation. The patterns were divided into subgroups by pulse directions and $T_{slope}$ . The boxes indicate the lower and higher quartile. The bar denotes the median. Lower and upper whisker mark the minimum and maximum of $V_{T,bw}$ , disregarding outliers. Outliers marked by “x” were detected if $V_{T,bw}$ lied farther than 1.5 interquartile ranges above the upper or below the lower quartile.