FIGURE 1.
Flowchart of participants’ selection. A sample of 3748 participants was included in this study. CHARLS, the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.
Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.