Table 2.
Associated malformation and prognosis of PAS.
| Case | Gestational age (weeks) | Associated with intracardiac malformations | Trachea (inner diameter) | Outcome | Characteristics of the case |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 23+5 | VSD | Pressed (0.26 cm) | Termination, dissection | Severely narrow right bronchi caused an enlarged right lung and enhanced echo |
| 2 | 30+6 | VSD | Pressed (0.08 cm) | Cervical opening, urgent labor, fetal death in utero | / |
| 3 | 17+2 | Right pulmonary artery dysplasia | / | Full-term delivery, Apgar 10′, confirmed by postnatal review and surgery | Reflected the integrated prenatal and postnatal management of PAS |
| 4 | 25+3 | PLSVC | Pressed (0.08 cm) | Termination, dissection | Examination at 11–13+6 weeks showed no significant abnormalities |
| 5 | 12+5 | HLHS MA AA, PLSVC | / | Termination, dissection | Detected in early pregnancy, with NT thickening (2.8 mm), the blood flow spectrum of DV exhibited a reverse a-wave |
| 6 | 29+4 | / | Slightly compressed | Termination, dissection | / |
| 7 | 29+1 | Mild regurgitation of the TV | Pressed (0.13 cm) | Full-term delivery, Apgar 10′ | / |
| 8 | 26+2 | Slightly narrower aorta | / | Termination, vascular casting | / |
| 9 | 24 | / | / | Parturition, confirmed by postnatal echocardiography and surgery | / |
| 10 | 27+5 | TOF | / | Parturition, confirmed by postnatal echocardiography | One of the twins of the double chorionic and double amniotic sac was abnormal |
| 11 | 23+2 | PLSVC | / | Parturition, Apgar 9′, confirmed by postnatal echocardiography | One of the twins of the double chorionic and double amniotic sac, missed case |
| 12 | 23 | / | / | Parturition, Apgar 10′, confirmed by postnatal echocardiography | One of the twins of the double chorionic and double amniotic sac, missed case |
| 13 | 22+5 | / | / | Full-term delivery, Apgar 10′, confirmed by postnatal echocardiography | Missed case |
PAS, pulmonary artery sling; TOF, tetralogy of Fallot; PLSVC, persistent left superior vena cava; HLHS, hypoplastic left heart syndrome; MA, mitral atresia; AA, aortic atresia; NT, nuchal translucency; PDA, patent ductus arteriosus; ASD, atrial septal defect; DV, ductus venosus; TV, tricuspid valve.