TABLE 1.
Summary of articles reporting on mHealth intervention for uncontrolled hypertension.
| ID | Study | Year | Country |
Female, (%) mHealth/control |
Age (years) mHealth/control |
mHealth type | Devices | Definition of uncontrolled hypertension | N mHealth/control (follow‐up) | Study design | Follow‐up duration | Intervention duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bhandari | 2022 | Nepal | 42.0/47.0 | 49.2/51.7 | Mobile phone text messaging intervention | Text message | Prescribed for antihypertensive medication for at least 3 months | 79/75 | Randomized control trial | 3 months | 3 months |
| 2 | Green | 2008 | United States | 45.9/54.7 | 59.5/58.6 | Home BP monitoring, and secure patient Web services training (BPM‐Web), | Website | Mean BP (last two of three BP recordings, with the first measurement dropped) was 90−109 mm Hg diastolic or 140−199 mm Hg systolic at both screening visits | 246/247 | Randomized control trial | 12 months | 12 months |
| 3 | He | 2017 | Argentina | 52.6/53.4 | 56.1/55.5 | CHW‐led home‐based intervention, physician education, and a text‐messaging | Text message | Systolic ≥140 mm Hg and/or diastolic ≥90 mm Hg on at least 2 separate screening visits | 743/689 | Randomized control trial | 18 months | 18 months |
| 4 | Ionov | 2020 | Russia | 41.0/39.0 | 47.0/49.0 | A free simple website and a mobile application | Website and app | With a systolic BP (SBP) level 140 mm Hg (measured at least on two prestudy office visits), ambulatory mean 24‐h SBP 130 mm Hg or/and home SBP 135 mm Hg, and ongoing treatment with at least one antihypertensive drug in the last 3 months | 160/80 | Randomized control trial | 3 months | 3 months |
| 5 | Margolis | 2013 | United States | 45.2/44.1 | 62.0/60.2 | Home BP telemonitoring with pharmacist case management | Website | With an elevated BP (≥140/90 mm Hg) at the two most recent primary care encounters in the previous year | 228/222 | Randomized controlled trial | 18 months | 12 months |
| 6 | Mckinstry | 2013 | United Kingdom | 41.0/40.0 | 60.5/60.8 | Telemonitoring | E‐mail/Text message | With a diagnosis of hypertension whose last surgery blood pressure measurement was > 145 mm Hg systolic or > 85 mm Hg diastolic to attend for a screening assessment | 182/177 | Randomized control trial | 6 months | 6 months |
| 7 | McManus | 2010 | United Kingdom | 53.0/53.0 | 66.6/66.2 | Telemonitoring | Electronic monitor | Had a blood pressure at baseline of more than 140/90 mm Hg | 234/246 | Randomized control trial | 12 months | 12 months |
| 8 | McManus | 2018 | United Kingdom | 47.0/47.0 | 67·0/66.8 | Telemonitoring | Text message‐based telemonitoring service with web‐based data | Taking no more than three antihypertensive agents, but with clinic blood pressure not controlled below 140/90 mm Hg | 389/393 | Randomized control trial | 12 months | 12 months |
| 9 | McManus | 2020 | United Kingdom | 47.5/45.0 | 65.2/66.7 | Digital intervention | E‐mail | Mean baseline blood pressure reading (calculated from the second and third blood pressure readings) of more than 140/90 mm Hg | 305/317 | Randomized control trial | 12 months | 12 months |
| 10 | Morawski | 2018 | United States | 57.4/62.9 | 51.7/52.4 | Medisafe app, which includes reminder alerts, adherence reports, and optional peer support | Medication Adherence Improvement Support App for Engagement—Blood Pressure [MedISAFE‐BP] | With a systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or greater receiving treatment with at least 1, but no more than 3, first‐line antihypertensive medications (thiazide,calcium channel blocker, β‐blocker, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor, or angiotensin receptor blocker) | 209/202 | Randomized control trial | 3 months | 3 months |
| 11 | Pan | 2018 | China | 50.0/52.5 | 56.6/57.8 | Home telemonitoring | App | Having persistent high blood pressure for systolic or diastolic indicators or both over the last 3 months | 52/55 | Randomized control trial | 6 months | 6 months |
| 12 | Santschi | 2008 | Switzerland | 44.1/38.2 | 61.4/71.2 | Electronic monitor | Electronic system | Uncontrolled treated hypertension (office systolic BP≥ 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic BP≥90 mm Hg) according to the mean of two consecutive visits, despite their usual prescribed antihypertensive therapy | 32/33 | Randomized control trial | 12 months | 12 months |
| 13 | Tian | 2015 | China and India | 65.4/66.8 | 59.7/60.4 | Two therapeutic lifestyle modifications (smoking cessation and salt reduction) and the appropriate prescription of two medications (blood pressure lowering agents and aspirin) | App on smartphones | Measured systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥160 mm Hg | 1095/991 | Randomized control trial | 12 months | 12 months |