Figure 4.

Paraventricular nucleus mRNAs for corticotropin-releasing factor (CRH) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) from brains obtained at the end of the abstinence/sleep restriction vs. control period. Data shown as fold changes (calculations described in Methods section). N= 6 per mean/standard error. All statistical symbols are P < 0.05. a, different from AC within sex. b, different from male within treatment group.

Figure 4 Alt Text: Hypothalamic PVN Crh (left panel) and Avp mRNA (right panel) expression was increased in male but not female sleep restricted rats during abstinence.