Table 1.
Role of different kinds of exosome miRNAs in cardiovascular diseases.
| Disease model | miRNA | Source | Research results | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHD | miR-126 | Serum-Exo | Inhibit atherosclerosis and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events | [37] |
| CHD | miR-146a | ADSCs-Exo | Reduce myocardial cell inflammation and fibrosis | [38] |
| CHD | miR-133 | MSCs-Exo | Reduce myocardial cell inflammation and myocardial infarction area | [35] |
| CHD | miR-181a | MSCs-Exo | Inhibit the body’s immune and inflammatory response | [51] |
| CHD | miR-34a/miR-124/miR-135b | MSCs-Exo | Enhance anti-inflammatory effect | [36] |
| MI | miR-214 | ADRCs-Exo | Reduce myocardial cell apoptosis and promote myocardial cell survival | [43] |
| MI | miR-125b | MSCs-Exo | Reduce the level of autophagy and apoptosis in mouse myocardial infarction model | [41] |
| MI | miR-338 | MSCs-Exo | miR-338 overexpression reduces myocardial cell apoptosis by regulating signalling pathways | [52] |
| MI | miR-22 | MSCs-Exo | Reduced cell apoptosis and improved myocardial fibrosis | [53] |
| MI | miR-144 | MSCs-Exo | Under hypoxia condition, myocardial cell apoptosis inhibited | [40] |
| MI | miR-19a | MSCs-Exo | By activating GATA-4 to reduce apoptosis and protect cardiomyocytes | [39] |
| MIRI | miR-25-3p | MSCs-Exo | Regulate proapoptotic genes and play a protective role in ischaemia–reperfusion | [47] |
| MIRI | miR-486-5p | MSCs-Exo | Inhibit cell apoptosis and reduce reperfusion injury | [48] |
| MIRI | miR-132 | MSCs-Exo | Promote angiogenesis in the myocardial infarction area | [44] |
| MIRI | miR-21 | MSCs-Exo | Promote angiogenesis and protect myocardial cells | [45] |
| MIRI | miR-221/222 | ADSCs-Exo | Reduce MIRI and myocardial fibrosis | [49] |
| MIRI | miR-210 | MSCs-Exo | Promote vascular regeneration and improve collateral circulation | [46] |
| MIRI | miR-133a-3p | MIF-ucMSCs-Exo | miR-133a-3p promotes angiogenesis, inhibits apoptosis, and reduces fibrosis | [50] |
| MIRI | miR-181a | MSCs-Exo | Suppress inflammatory and immune responses to treat MIRI | [51] |
CHD: coronary heart disease; MI: myocardial infarction; MIRI: myocardial ischaemia–reperfusion injury; MSC-Exo: mesenchymal stem cell exosome; ADSC-Exo: adipose-derived stem cell exosome; MIF-ucMSC-Exo: macrophage migration inhibitory factor-engineered umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell exosomes; ADRC-Exo: adipose-derived regenerative cells.