Table 3.
Role of different kinds of exosome miRNAs in tumours.
| Disease model | miRNA | Source | Research results | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lung cancer | miR-499a | Engineered-Exo | Regulate Bcl-2 apoptosis gene and inhibit the proliferation and diffusion of lung cancer cells | [76] |
| Gastric cancer | miR-196, miR-92, etc. | Malignant ascites-Exo | Increase the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells | [77] |
| BRCa | miR-105 | Metastatic breast cancer-Exo | Enhance vascular regeneration and permeability, and induce the proliferation of cancer cells | [78] |
| GBM | miR-9 | GBM-Exo | Inhibit the expression of angiogenesis inhibitor protein and induce apoptosis | [79] |
| HCC | miR-23a-3p | ER-stressed HCC cells-Exo | miR-23a-3p inhibits the conduction of PTEN/AKT signalling pathway and decreases T cell function | [80] |
| OVCa | miR-21 | Adipocytes and fibroblasts-Exo | Targeting miR-21 on APAF1 protein promoted the reduction of apoptosis of cancer cells, and the cancer cells obtained stronger drug resistance | [81] |
| MM | miR-15a/16 | MSCs-Exo | Promote cell proliferation in multiple myeloma | [82] |
| PCa | miR-375, miR-200c-3p, miR-21-5p, etc. | Plasma-Exo | Some miRNAs have strong diagnostic and predictive potential | [83] |
BRCa: breast cancer; GBM: glioblastoma; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma; OVCa: ovarian cancer; MM: multiple myeloma; PCa: prostate cancer; MSCs: mesenchymal stem cells; Exo: exosomes.