. 2023 Jul 10;11:e15661. doi: 10.7717/peerj.15661

Table 1. Results from the main data analysis models.

(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)	(9)	(10)
Metric		Group	Pre/Post-Bout	BoutNum	Group * Pre/Post-Bout	Group * BoutNum	Pre/Post-Bout * BoutNum	Group * Pre/Post-Bout * BoutNum	Group (at 6 weeks recovery)
Weight		F_3,123 = 5.95	F_1,290 = 4.46	F_5,294 = 2.42	F_2,291 = 2.69	F_15,292 = 1.72	F_5,291 = 1.65	F_10,291 = 2.06	F₂ = 4.06
		p = 8.04 × 10 ⁻⁴	p = 0.04	p = 0.04	p = 0.07	p = 0.05	p = 0.15	p = 0.03	p = 0.04
Glucose	Fasted	F_3,299 = 0.97	F_1,296 = 3.54	F_5,299 = 4.10	F_2,295 = 0.63	F_5,296 = 5.68	F_5,296 = 5.68	F_10,296 = 3.13	F₂ = 0.78
	Fasted	p = 0.41	p = 0.06	p = 1.29 × 10 ⁻³	p = 0.53	p = 0.01	p = 5.04 × 10 ⁻⁵	p = 7.89 × 10 ⁻⁴	p = 0.48
	Fed	F_3,256 = 2.33	F_1,295 = 1.57	F_5,298 = 1.49	F_2,295 = 0.31	F_15,298 = 1.03	F_5,295 = 3.61	F_10,295 = 3.22	F₂ = 1.51
	Fed	p = 0.07	p = 0.21	p = 0.19	p = 0.73	p = 0.42	p = 3.51 × 10 ⁻³	p = 5.86 × 10 ⁻⁴	p = 0.25
	Fold-change	F_3,326 = 4.17	F_1,300 = 6.86	F_5,298 = 1.21	F_2,297 = 0.98	F_15,298 = 1.24	F_5,297 = 1.72	F_10,296 = 1.18	F₂ = 1.05
	Fold-change	p = 6.45 × 10 ⁻³	p = 9.27 × 10 ⁻³	p = 0.30	p = 0.38	p = 0.24	p = 0.13	p = 0.30	p = 0.37
Ketones	Fasted	F_1,230 = 0.11	F_1,286 = 0.37	F_5,291 = 1.01	F_2,286 = 0.71	F_15,298 = 1.61	F_5,286 = 2.77	F_10,287 = 3.58	F₂ = 0.59
	Fasted	p = 0.96	p = 0.54	p = 0.41	p = 0.49	p = 0.07	p = 0.02	p = 1.71 × 10 ⁻⁴	p = 0.56
	Fed	F_3,284 = 3.60	F_1,291 = 8.27	F_5,296 = 9.52	F_2,291 = 2.26	F_15,295 = 2.67	F_5,291 = 4.55	F_10,291 = 2.58	F₂ = 0.94
	Fed	p = 0.01	p = 4.32 × 10 ⁻³	p =1.97 × 10 ⁻⁸	p = 0.10	p = 7.68 × 10 ⁻⁴	p = 5.18 × 10 ⁻⁴	p = 5.21 × 10 ⁻³	p = 0.41
	Fold-change	F_2,292 = 1.86	F_1,283 = 5.56	F_5,289 = 5.48	F_2,283 = 2.41	F_12,287 = 2.29	F_5,283 = 6.80	F_10,284 = 4.47	F₂ = 1.46
	Fold-change	p = 0.14	p = 0.02	p = 7.75 × 10 ⁻⁵	p = 0.09	p = 4.48 × 10 ⁻³	p = 5.23 × 10 ⁻⁶	p = 7.26 × 10 ⁻⁶	p = 0.26
Uric Acid	Fasted	F_3,269 = 3.76	F_1,296 = 0.49	F_5,300 = 2.19	F_2,296 = 0.47	F_15,299 = 2.25	F_5,297 = 2.25	F_10,297 = 2.59	F₂ = 0.48
	Fasted	p = 0.01	p = 0.48	p = 0.06	p = 0.62	p = 0.07	p = 0.05	p = 5.00 × 10 ⁻³	p = 0.62
	Fed	F_3,187 = 1.49	F_1,275 = 3.12	F_5,298 = 1.89	F_2,295 = 3.71	F_15,297 = 1.30	F_5,295 = 1.47	F_10,295 = 1.49	F₂ = 0.60
	Fed	p = 0.22	p = 0.08	p = 0.10	p = 0.03	p = 0.20	p = 0.20	p = 0.14	p = 0.56
	Fold-change	F_3,329 = 3.51	F_1,297 = 1.89	F_5,301 = 3.96	F_2,298 = 1.31	F_15,301 = 1.49	F_5,298 = 0.80	F_10,298 = 1.86	F₂ = 0.68
	Fold-change	p = 0.02	p = 0.17	p = 1.70 × 10 ⁻³	p = 0.27	p = 0.11	p = 0.55	p = 0.05	p = 0.52

Note:

Columns 3–9 show the results of the linear mixed-effect model, “metric~group * pre/post-bout * bout number”, with bird identity as a random effect. The metrics are listed in columns 1–2, group is treatment group (captivity-only, low stress, medium stress, and high stress), pre/post-bout refers to when the sample was taken (pre-bout or post-bout), and bout num is the bout number (1–6 from Fig. 1). Column 10 reflects the results of the ANOVA on the samples taken 6 weeks after the experiment ended, where the model is “metric~group”. Cells that are bolded contain p-values less than 0.05.