| AI | artificial intelligence |
| AUC | area under curve |
| BFPS | block filtering post-pruning search |
| ccpRCC | clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma |
| ccRCC | clear cell renal cell carcinoma |
| chRCC | chromophobe renal cell carcinoma |
| CNA | copy number alteration |
| CNN | convolutional neural network |
| CT | computed tomography |
| DAG-SVM | Directed Acyclic Graph Support Vector Machine |
| DCNN | deep convoluted neural network |
| DFS | disease free survival |
| DL | deep learning |
| DNN | deep neural network |
| EGFR | Epidermal growth factor receptor |
| FCNN | fully-connected neural network |
| grad-CAM | gradient-weighted class activation mapping |
| IMDC | International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium |
| KRAS | V-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog |
| LASSO | Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator |
| lmQCM | local maximum quasi-clique merging |
| ML | machine learning |
| mRCC | metastatic renal cell carcinoma |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| MSKCC | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center |
| N.A. | not applicable |
| NP | normal parenchyma |
| NT | normal tissue |
| OS | overall survival |
| PFS | Progression-free survival |
| pRCC | papillary renal cell carcinoma |
| RCC | renal cell carcinoma |
| ResNet | residual neural network architecture |
| RMB | renal mass biopsy |
| RO | renal oncocytoma |
| SVM | support vector machine |
| TCGA | The Cancer Genome Atlas |
| TKI | Tyrosine kinase inhibitors |
| UISS | UCLA Integrated Staging System for renal cell carcinoma |
| VEGFR-TKI | VEGF receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors |
| VHL | Von-Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor |
| WSI | whole slide imaging |