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. 2023 Jun 26;12(13):1723. doi: 10.3390/cells12131723

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Effect of TGN-020, an aquaporin 4 (AQP4) blocker, on hyposmotic challenge (HOC) -modulated vasopressin (VP) neuronal firing activity in acute supraoptic nucleus (SON) slices. (A) Time course of changes in the firing rate of VP neurons using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. (a) Representative episodes of VP neuronal firing activity at different stages of HOC. (b) Heatmap of the relative firing rate of VP neurons at different stages of HOC (+1 represents the highest frequency of firing rate, −1 represents the lowest frequency of firing rate; each strip represents a recording from a single neuron). (c) Bar graphs showing average VP neuronal firing rates at different stages of HOC. Data from individual neurons are shown by line-connected points. Abscissa indicates time (in minutes of HOC) (n = 11; *, p < 0.05 compared with 0 min HOC; #, p < 0.05 compared with 5 min HOC; ANOVA, Sidak). (B) Effect of TGN-020 (10 μmol/L) on the time-dependent changes in the firing rate of VP neurons under HOC in representative recording episodes. (a) Heatmap of relative firing rate (b) and summary bar graphs ((c), n = 5; *, p < 0.05, **, p < 0.01 compared with 0 min HOC; ANOVA, Sidak). Abbreviations: W, washout (isosmotic condition).