Table 5.

Comparative analysis of experimental protocols employed by dental disease diagnosis approaches on Tufts multimodal panoramic X-ray.

Author, Year (Ref)	Architecture	Task	Dataset Size and Split		Data Augmentation	Hyperparameters
			Train Set	Test Set		Loss Function	Optimizer	Learning Rate
Pannetta et al., 2022 [60]	UNet with three backbones	Tooth segmentation	85–	150	-	Cross entropy	Adam	0.0001
Nashold et al., 2022 [124]	Multi-objective model	Abnormality detection and localization	900	100	Affine transformation	Binary cross entropy	Adam	0.0001
Karacan et al., 2022 [62]	Tooth segmentation	-	-	-	-	-	-	-