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The process of autophagy. Autophagy triggered by cellular stress and regulated by mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR-negative regulation). It involves the formation of protein complexes like unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase (ULK1) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). The autophagosome membrane undergoes expansion and elongation via ATG12 conjugation to ATG5. Autophagosomes eventually fuse with lysosomes with SNARE proteins for content degradation and macromolecule recycling.
