Table 2.

Molecular targeted agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors for HCC.

	Drug	Target	References
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors	Sorafenib	Almost 40 tyrosine kinases, such as c-RAF, B-RAF, VEGFR1-3, PDGFR-α/β, c-Kit, FLT-3, and RET	[9,156,164]
	Regorafenib	c-RAF, wild-type and mutant (V600E) B-RAF, VEGFR1-3, FGFR1-2, PDGFR, KIT, RET, angiopoietin 1 receptor (TIE2), and p-38-α (greater potency to target VEGFR, KIT, TIE2, and RET compared to Sorafenib)	[9,164,165]
	Lenvatinib	VEGFR1–3, FGFR1-4, PDGFR-α, KIT, and RET	[9,15,164]
	Cabozantinib	VEGFR 1–3, KIT, RET, TIE2, FLT3, c-MET, and AXL	[9,158,164]
VEGF Inhibitors	Ramucirumab	VEGFR-2	[9,159,164]
	Bevacizumab	VEGFR2 by binding VEGF-A	[9,164,165]
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor	Atezolizumab	PD-L1	[9,164,165]

c-RAF, c-rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma; B-RAF, b-rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma; VEGFR, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor; PDGFR-α/β, platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α/β; FLT-3, fms like tyrosine kinase 3; RET, rearranged during transfection; FGFR1-4, fibroblast growth factor receptors 1-4; TIE2, tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin-like and EGF-like domains; VEGFA, vascular endothelial growth factor A; PD-L1, programmed death-ligand 1.