Table 2.
The plasma PACAP-38 levels in relation to end-organ damage. The Mann–Whitney U test and Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s comparison analysis were used for the statistical analysis. AL: amyloid light-chain; CKD: chronic kidney disease; EMD: extramedullary disease; PCL: plasma cell leukemia; SD: standard deviation.
| Tested Parameters |
Patient Groups | Number of Patients (n) |
PACAP-38 Level: Mean +/− SD (pg/mL) |
Significance (p) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Bone
lesions |
affected | 35 | 171.1 +/− 67.64 | 0.0626 |
| non- affected |
26 | 209.9 +/− 81.52 | ||
|
Renal
impairment |
affected | 43 | 207.4 +/− 97.40 | 0.6448 |
| non- affected |
22 | 209.9 +/− 119.8 | ||
|
Acute renal
failure |
affected | 6 | 172.7 +/− 86.91 | 0.3108 |
| non- affected |
59 | 206.4 +/−97.19 | ||
|
Chronic
kidney disease |
normal | 22 | 209.9 +/− 119.8 | p (between all subgroups) > 0.9999 |
| CKD1 | 4 | 192.5 +/− 52.53 | ||
| CKD2 | 13 | 212.7 +/− 108.6 | ||
| CKD3 | 19 | 219.1 +/− 105.4 | ||
| CKD4 | 3 | 153.9 +/− 21.74 | ||
| CKD5 | 4 | 189.5 +/− 106.7 | ||
| Anemia | anemic | 12 | 194.5 +/− 93.06 | 0.6898 |
| non- anemic |
52 | 199.8 +/− 89.86 | ||
| EMD or PCL | affected | 18 | 233.9 +/− 130.5 | 0.3488 |
| non- affected |
48 | 198.8 +/− 91.63 | ||
|
AL
amyloidosis |
affected | 4 | 254.3 +/− 87.36 | 0.1728 |
| non- affected |
62 | 205.0 +/− 104.7 |