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The formation of intracellular bacterial communities (IBCs). E. coli enter the cytoplasm of urothelial cells and then form IBCs. The rapidly multiplying E. coli initially adopt a coccoid morphology and then change back to a rod-like shape as the IBC mature. Finally, E. coli protrude from the original cells and colonize and invade nearby cells in the form of filaments, initiating a second round of IBC formation.
