Table 5.
Clinical characteristics and anti-β2GPI/HLA-DR antibody prevalence in women with PD before 34 GWs and women in the control group.
| Preterm Delivery ≤ 34 GW | Control n = 488 |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prior n = 35 |
Current n = 39 |
All n = 71 |
||
| Age (years) | 35.3 ± 4.3 * | 34.4 ± 4.8 | 34.9 ± 4.6 * | 33.6 ± 5.3 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 21.7 ± 2.7 | 22.7 ± 2.9 | 22.2 ± 2.9 | 22.5 ± 4.4 |
| Gravidity (no) | 2.7 ± 1.3 ** | 2.3 ± 1.0 ** | 2.5 ± 1.2 ** | 1.9 ± 1.0 |
| Parity (no) | 1.3 ± 0.8 ** | 1.0 ± 0.8 | 1.1 ± 0.8 ** | 0.8 ± 0.8 |
| History of spontaneous miscarriages (no) | 0.5 ± 1.1 | 0.4 ± 0.8 * | 0.5 ± 0.9 ** | 0.1 ± 0.3 |
| History of stillbirths at 22 GWs or later (no) | 0.1 ± 0.3 | 0.03 ± 0.2 | 0.07 ± 0.3 | 0.01 ± 0.09 |
| History of thrombosis | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Autoimmune diseases | 3 (8.6%) ** | 2 (5.1%) ** | 5 (7.0%) ** | 0 (0%) |
| Use of immunosuppressive drugs | 2 (5.7%) ** | 0 (0%) | 2 (2.8%) * | 0 (0%) |
| Chronic hypertension | 3 (8.6%) ** | 1 (2.6%) | 4 (5.6%) ** | 0 (0%) |
| Smoking habit | 5 (14.3%) | 5 (12.8%) | 10 (14.1%) | 40 (8.2%) |
| Pregnancy following ART | 5 (14.3%) | 5 (12.8%) | 10 (14.1%) | 75 (15.3%) |
| Anti-β2GPI/HLA-DR antibody positive | 5 (14.3%) | 3 (7.7%) | 8 (11.3%) | 27 (5.5%) |
Data are expressed as means ± standard deviations or numbers (percentages). * and ** indicate that significant differences are noted between the PD ≤ 34 GWs and control groups with p-values of <0.05 and <0.01, respectively. Abbreviations: β2GPI, β2-glycoprotein I; HLA, human leukocyte antigen; GWs, gestational weeks; BMI, body mass index; no, number; ART, assisted reproductive technology.