Table 1.
Overall study population characteristics.
| Variable | n = 119 (%) |
|---|---|
| Male sex | 92 (77.3%) |
| Coronary artery disease | 40 (36.4%) |
| Heart failure | 56 (50.5%) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 40 (36.4%) |
| Systemic arterial hypertension | 74 (67.3%) |
| Diabetes | 24 (21.8%) |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 12.3 ± 2.0. |
| Anemia Men (<13.5 g/dL under 70; <12 g/dL over 70) Women (<11.5 g/dL) |
24 (22%) |
| White blood cells, 109/L <4500 (leukopenia) 4500–9800 (normal range) >9800 (leukocytosis) |
37 (34.3%) 60 (55.6%) 11 (10.2%) |
| C-reactive protein ≥3 mg/dL | 71 (72.5%) |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.1 (0.5) |
| Chronic kidney disease (men: ≥1.4 mg/dL, women: ≥1.2 mg/dL) | 31 (28.7%) |
| Positive blood cultures Methicillin-Resistant-Staphylococcus aureus Methicillin-Susceptible-Staphylococcus aureus K. pneumoniae S. epidermidis E. faecalis, E. faecium P. mirabilis * out of 82 pts diagnosed with infection |
15 (18.3%) * 8 3 1 1 1 1 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction <30% 30–50% >50% |
16 (18.4%) 39 (44.8%) 32 (36.8%) |
| Age at extraction, years | 76.4 (15.4) |
| Infection local systemic * out of 82 pts diagnosed with infection |
67 (82%) * 15 (18.3%) * |
| Number of implants 1 2 3 4 |
46 (60.5%) 19 (25%) 9 (11.8%) 2 (2.6%) |
| Time from to catheters, months | 84.5 (85) |
| Type of device Single pacemaker (PM) Single Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) Dual PM Dual ICD Cardiac resynchronization therapy pacemaker (CRT-P) Cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRT-D) |
4 (3.5%) 22 (19.1%) 42 (36.5%) 15 (13%) 12 (10.4%) 20 (17.4%) |
| Coil Single Dual * out of 58 pts implanted with single ICD, dual ICD, CRT-D |
33 (61.1%) * 21 (38.9%) * |
| Number of catheters 1 2 3 4 |
31 (26.7%) 55 (47.4%) 22 (19%) 8 (6.9%) |
| Number of extracted catheters 0 1 2 3 4 |
3 (2.6%) 36 (31%) 51 (44%) 18 (15.5%) 8 (6.9%) |
| Previously abandoned catheter ≥1 | 14 (12.1%) |
| Technique of extraction Traction Mechanical dilator sheath Powered sheath |
9 (7.56%) 93 (78.15%) 13 (10.9%) |
| Procedure duration, minutes | 129 ± 50.2 |
| Procedural success complete clinical surgical extraction procedural failure complications |
101 (84.9%) 8 (6.7%) 2 (1.7%) 1 (0.8%) 7 (5.9%) |
| Follow up, months | 49 (48) |