Figure 1.

Process flow of the development of the finite element model for paediatric spine. (a) Sawbones model (8–9 years old), (b) 3D scan model, (c) the model is divided into vertebral body and posterior element, (d) reconstruction of the vertebral body to reflect trabecular and cortical bone, (e) model completed with trabecular and cortical bone, (f) created disc and endplate in between vertebra, (g) connected vertebral body and posterior body through pedicle, (h) stress distribution transition from vertebral body to posterior element, (i) completed paediatric spine finite element model.