Table 5.
Metabolic parameter comparison between groups.
| Parameter | Intervention (n = 42) | Control (n = 21) |
p-Value (Change in Intervention versus Change in Control Group) |
p-Adjusted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL), mean (SD) | ||||
| Baseline | 195.5 (31.8) | 190.5 (64.1) | ||
| End of study | 192.8 (29.0) | 203.8 (61.5) | ||
| Change | 2.7 (14.0) | –3.3 (43.5) | 0.12 *** | |
| p-value * (baseline versus end of trial) | 0.23 | 0.11 | ||
| Adjusted mean | 188.7 | 211.9 | 0.003 | |
| LDL-C (mg/dL), mean (SD) | ||||
| Baseline | 126.4 (28.4) | 135.0 (137.2) | ||
| End of study | 119.4 (29.6) | 149.6 (132) | 0.001 *** | |
| Change | 7.0 (15.0) | –14.6 (36.4) | ||
| p-value * (baseline versus end of trial) | 0.004 | 0.08 | ||
| Adjusted mean | 119.5 | 149.3 | <0.001 | |
| HDL-C (mg/dL), mean (SD) | ||||
| Baseline | 52.7 (9.0) | 58.4 (11.2) | ||
| End of study | 56.6 (10.7) | 58.6 (13.6) | ||
| Change | –3.9 (5.4) | −0.3 (8) | 0.07 *** | |
| p-value * (baseline versus end of trial) | <0.001 | 0.88 | ||
| Adjusted mean | 58.8 | 54.2 | 0.027 | |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL), median (IQR) | ||||
| Baseline | 83.0 (42.0) | 62.0 (70.5) | ||
| End of study | 75.5 (47.0) | 65.0 (95.0) | ||
| Change | 5.5 (15.0) | –2.0 (19.0) | 0.024 **** | |
| p-value ** (baseline versus end of trial) | 0.017 | 0.36 | ||
| Uric acid (mg/dL), median (IQR) | ||||
| Baseline | 4.5 (1.6) | 3.6 (3.1) | ||
| End of study | 3.6 (0.9) | 4.4 (3.4) | ||
| Change | 0.6 (0.8) | −0.2 (4.3) | 0.32 **** | |
| p-value ** (baseline versus end of trial) | 0.001 | 0.64 | ||
| Blood sugar (mmol/L), median (IQR) | ||||
| Baseline | 90.0 (19.0) | 79.0 (46.0) | ||
| End of study | 100.0 (24.0) | 82.0 (20.0) | ||
| Change | –7.5 (21.0) | –2.0 (29.0) | 0.53 **** | |
| p-value ** (baseline versus end of trial) | 0.001 | 0.16 | ||
| Insulin (mcU/mL), median (IQR) | ||||
| Baseline | 17.1 (17.5) | 14.3 (22.5) | ||
| End of study | 25.7 (18.8) | 15.2 (13.0) | ||
| Change | –2.9 (9.4) | −0.9 (6.0) | 0.42 **** | |
| p-value ** (baseline versus end of trial) | 0.001 | 0.66 |
* Paired-samples t-test. ** Related-samples Wilcoxon signed rank test. *** Independent-samples t-test. **** Independent-samples median test. C, cholesterol; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; IQR, interquartile range; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.