Figure 8.

Pathway scores of changing microbial species. (A) For each bacterium in the phyla Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria that changed in RA patients between T0 and T3, the scores annotated in the MACADAM database for the pathways of biosynthesis (H1 category biosynthesis) were summed. Bacteria were sorted on the abscissa according to the mean increase in metabolic activity after fasting, (the red/blue color plot of the mean values from Table S5A is shown below the abscissa in (A,B)). Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria that increased after fasting were annotated in MACADAM with higher scores for biosynthesis compared to those that decreased. Species of the phylum Firmicutes, which increased after fasting had lower metabolic activity compared to those that decreased. However, there was an overall decrease in Firmicutes compared to an increase in Bacteroidetes species after fasting. (B) The sum of pathway scores annotated in the MACADAM database from the categories of H1 was higher in species that increased on average after fasting than in species that decreased. For several dominant categories of hierarchy 2, belonging to biosynthesis, degradation and energy metabolism, these differences were also evident at the level of the annotated scores.