Figure 1.

The effect of Bidens tripartite herb (BTH), Galium verum herb (GVH), and Rumex hydrolapathum root (RHR) on the endothelial cell viability Endothelial cells were exposed for 24 h to the control medium, and medium supplemented with herbal extracts at increasing concentration. The data were interpreted with repeated measures analysis of variance–One-way ANOVA, using a post hoc test for multiple comparisons (Dunn’s or Tukey’s tests). The results are expressed as mean ± SD, derived from three independent experiments. The data was expressed as percent of viable cells. Statistical significance: ** p < 0.01, **** p < 0.0001.