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. 2023 Jul 6;16(13):4865. doi: 10.3390/ma16134865
a thermal diffusivity
D3Q15, D3Q19 LBM schemes
{ei} set of discrete speeds
Fi external forces
fk(x,y,z,t) particle distribution function
fkeq(x,y,z,t) equilibrium distribution function
IN nucleation condition
IG grain growth condition
It transition condition
IB condition “at the grain boundary”
kv velocity coefficient
kq specific enthalpy coefficient
nx, ny, nz number of nodes
q 0 initial state
q 1 frontal state
q 2 cell at the grain boundary
q 3 cell in the middle of the grain
q 4 transition state
Q heat source
Q = {q0, q1, q2, q3, q4} set of frontal cellular automata states
Q(x,y,z,t) the source of thermal energy
S source term
tsteps number of time steps
Δt time step
T temperature
TI interface temperature
TP temperature of phase transformation
Tx,y,z node temperature
v boundary velocity
wk weighting factor in direction k
x, y, z position of the node
Δx, Δy, Δz grid step
Σ alphabet
δ transition rules
ρ density
ρv moment
τ relaxation time
τT relaxation time for heat transfer (diffusion)
ΔϕI quantity, mass, or volume of the transformed material in interface node
ϕ fractions of ferrite (α) in interface node
ϕ fractions of austenite (γ) in interface node
ω collision frequency