Table 2.

Mean concentration (± standard deviation, n = 3) of volatiles determined in Xinomavro red wines from different vineyards (Xin1–Xin6) in the Amyndeon PDO zone. Values with different lowercase letters in the same row are significantly different according to the post-hoc test (α = 0.05).

	Xin1	Xin2	Xin3	Xin4	Xin5	Xin6	p-Value
Higher alcohols (mg/L)
2-Methyl-1-propanol	62.4 ± 1.3 e	83.9 ± 1.2 c	93.7 ± 3.3 a	88.6 ± 0.9 b	85.1 ± 2.6 bc	71.8 ± 0.6 d	<0.0001
3-Methyl-1-butanol	340 ± 33 a	313 ± 3 abc	318 ± 5 ab	301 ± 5 bc	285 ± 2 c	282 ± 6 c	0.0002
1-Hexanol	2.33 ± 0.29 b	2.41 ± 0.16 b	3.58 ± 0.28 a	2.32 ± 0.23 b	2.40 ± 0.27 b	2.30 ± 0.16 b	<0.0001
(Z)-3-Hexenol	0.17 ± 0.02 b	0.15 ± 0.01 b	0.21 ± 0.01 a	0.11 ± 0.02 c	0.14 ± 0.02 bc	0.11 ± 0.01 c	<0.0001
3-(Methylthio)-1-propanol	1.34 ± 0.03 cd	2.12 ± 0.08 a	2.22 ± 0.19 a	1.17 ± 0.08 d	1.79 ± 0.07 b	1.50 ± 0.06 c	<0.0001
2-Phenylethanol	53.3 ± 1.5 a	47.4 ± 2.0 b	48.2 ± 0.6 b	41.9 ± 1.2 c	37.3 ± 1.0 d	35.1 ± 1.0 d	<0.0001
Esters (μg/L)
3-Methylbutyl acetate	325 ± 26 d	436 ± 12 c	529 ± 32 b	549 ± 40 b	640 ± 36 a	357 ± 32 d	<0.0001
2-Methylpropyl acetate	138 ± 17 a	141 ± 18 a	113 ± 6 a	70.9 ± 23 b	63.4 ± 7.8 b	48.1 ± 2.4 b	<0.0001
Hexyl acetate	206 ± 17 c	246 ± 31 bc	256 ± 2.8 b	317 ± 14 a	237 ± 15 bc	247 ± 33 bc	<0.0001
2-Phenylethyl acetate	166 ± 6.4 b	197 ± 19 a	181 ± 4.8 ab	166 ± 17 b	179 ± 6.4 ab	178 ± 12 ab	0.0184
Ethyl octanoate	1200 ± 25 e	1450 ± 49 c	1350 ± 20 b	1880 ± 48 a	1720 ± 28 b	1490 ± 21 c	<0.0001
Ethyl 2-methylbutanoate	51.7 ± 1.8 ab	34.9 ± 6.2 b	61.0 ± 4.2 a	45.5 ± 17 ab	45.1 ± 5.0 ab	46.4 ± 2.3 ab	0.0069
Ethyl 3-methylbutanoate	45.4 ± 3.1 b	61.4 ± 8.2 a	61.5 ± 4.7 a	56.5 ± 2.6 a	52.5 ± 2.9 ab	60.3 ± 4.3 a	0.0009
Ethyl hexanoate	128 ± 11 c	125 ± 9.4 c	275 ± 18 a	245 ± 4.1 b	235 ± 16 b	231 ± 12 b	<0.0001
Ethyl decanoate	687 ± 28 bc	734 ± 16 ab	521 ± 19 d	764 ± 21 a	635 ± 35 c	540 ± 11 d	<0.0001
Ethyl butanoate	37.4 ± 7.9 c	36.0 ± 11 c	89.5 ± 20 b	120 ± 6.3 a	74.5 ± 9.9 b	81.3 ± 15 b	<0.0001
Fatty acids (mg/L)
Hexanoic Acid	2.15 ± 0.15 b	2.11 ± 0.08 b	2.45 ± 0.13 a	1.81 ± 0.08 c	1.76 ± 0.03 c	1.82 ± 0.14 c	<0.0001
2-Methylpropanoic acid	2.08 ± 0.01 d	2.76 ± 0.04 a	2.61 ± 0.04 b	1.46 ± 0.02 f	2.35 ± 0.04 c	1.54 ± 0.03 e	<0.0001
Butanoic acid	0.94 ± 0.03 d	1.16 ± 0.04 bc	1.42 ± 0.05 a	0.95 ± 0.02 d	1.25 ± 0.03 ab	1.01 ± 0.17 cd	<0.0001
3-Methylbutyric acid	1.34 ± 0.02 d	2.21 ± 0.02 a	2.02 ± 0.08 b	1.02 ± 0.06 e	1.70 ± 0.03 c	1.73 ± 0.02 c	<0.0001
Terpenes (μg/L)
Linalool	88.5 ± 13 b	62.5 ± 14 c	132.0 ± 17 a	78.4 ± 10 b,c	70.9 ± 8.9 bc	67.8 ± 7.9 bc	<0.0001
Nerol	64.8 ± 9.5 b	69.8 ± 12 b	75.3 ± 20 b	82.7 ± 16 ab	110 ± 16 a	72.4 ± 11 b	0.0054
Geraniol	33.1 ± 3.8 ab	29.4 ± 2.3 b	36.1 ± 2.1 a	32.3 ± 3.3 b	31.5 ± 1.5 b	32.4 ± 1.5 b	0.0009
β-Damascenone	4.50 ± 0.70 bc	5.90 ± 0.80 ab	7.30 ± 1.10 a	3.40 ± 0.35 c	5.70 ± 0.80 ab	6.10 ± 0.90 ab	<0.0001
Volatile phenols (μg/L)
Eugenol	85.9 ± 10 b	122 ± 18 a	138 ± 8.2 a	89.2 ± 16.3 b	81.1 ± 8.20 b	125 ± 12.9 a	<0.0001