Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of study participants.

	SNAP participants (n = 415)		Non-participants (n = 589)		P
	n	%	n	%
Age					0.0003
18–29	55	13.3	105	17.8
30–39	143	34.5	170	28.9
40–49	107	25.8	120	20.4
50–59	66	15.9	82	13.9
60 and older	44	10.6	112	19
Gender					<0.0001
Male	123	29.6	284	48.2
Female	284	68.4	299	50.8
Transgender, non-binary, or other	8	1.9	6	1
Race/ethnicity					0.31
Non-hispanic white	293	70.6	429	72.8
Non-hispanic Black	49	11.8	52	8.8
Non-hispanic Asian	39	9.4	53	9.0
Hispanic	17	4.1	36	6.1
Native American, Pacific Islander, MENA, Other	17	4.1	19	3.2
Education					<0.0001
High school diploma/equivalent or fewer years	86	20.7	85	14.4
Some college or Associate’s degree	208	50.1	219	37.2
Bachelor’s degree or higher	121	29.2	285	48.4
Household income					<0.0001
<$25,000	241	58.1	121	20.5
$25,000 to <$45,000	121	29.2	190	32.3
$45,000 to <$65,000	53	12.8	278	47.2
Marital status					0.07
Married or living with partner	161	38.8	231	39.2
Not married or partnered	251	60.5	358	60.8
Employment status					<0.0001
Employed full-time	111	28.5	312	54.3
Employed part-time	124	31.8	119	20.7
Retired or not employed	155	39.7	144	25.0
Presence of children (<18 y) in the home					<0.0001
No	242	58.3	463	78.6
Yes	173	41.7	126	21.4

MENA, Middle Eastern or North African.