. 2023 Jun 21;13(13):1901. doi: 10.3390/nano13131901

Table 1.

Textural properties, ZnAl₂O₄ crystallite sizes, and the degree of orderliness of the ZnAl₂O₄ spinel of fresh catalysts.

Catalyst	Textural Properties			Chemical Composition	Order Parameter ^c	ZnAl₂O₄ Crystallite Size (nm) ^d
Catalyst	S_BET (m²/g) ^a	V_pore (cm³/g) ^a	D_pore (nm) ^a	Zn/Al Molar Ratio ^b	Order Parameter ^c	ZnAl₂O₄ Crystallite Size (nm) ^d
ZnAl₂O₄-550	37.65	0.21	14.09	2.07	0.4784	20.29
ZnAl₂O₄-650	25.29	0.14	15.31	2.10	0.4922	25.50
ZnAl₂O₄-750	19.17	0.11	16.87	2.11	0.5074	29.21
ZnAl₂O₄-850	9.45	0.10	27.16	2.06	0.5153	34.06

^a Measured via N₂ isothermal adsorption–desorption at 77 K; surface area was calculated with BET method; pore volume and pore size were obtained with the BJH method. ^b Determined from ICP-OES. ^c Calculated via the fraction intensity of ZnAl₂O₄ (331) and [ZnAl₂O₄ (331) + ZnAl₂O₄ (400)] from XRD patterns. ^d Calculated via Debye–Scherrer equation applied to XRD ZnAl₂O₄ (311) peak.