Table 5.
List of some phenolic acids and their reported biological activities.
| Natural Sources | Phenolic Content with Antioxidant/Antimicrobial Activity | References |
|---|---|---|
| Allium cepa | Protocatechuic acid | [161] |
| Ananas comosus | Coumaric acid and ferulic acid | [162] |
| Berries | Hydroxycinnamic and hydroxybenzoic acids | [163,164,165] |
| Coffea arabica | Hydroxycinammic acids | [164] |
| Daucus carota | p-Coumaric, chlorogenic, and caffeic acids | [166,167] |
| Emblica officinalis | 1,8-Cineole | [168,169] |
| Fagopyrum esculentum | Rutin, quercetin, and catechins | [170,171,172] |
| Glycine max | Protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acids, chlorogenic acid, etc. | [173] |
| Malus domestica | Coumaric acid, catechin, epicatechin, chlorogenic acid, procyanidin and gallic acid, etc. | [174] |
| Mangifera indica | Myricetin, chlorogenic acid, kaempferol, gallic acid, sinapic acid, and ferulic acid | [175] |
| Mushroom species | p-Hydroxybenzoic, protocatechuic, gallic, vanillic, coumaric, syringic, gentisic, ferulic, cinnamic, caffeic acids | [176] |
| Origanum vulgare | Rosmarinic acid | [177] |
| Oryza sativa | Protocatechuic acid | [178] |
| Psidium guajava | Chlorogenic Acid, gallic acid, Kaempferol, sinapic acid, and myricetin | [175] |
| Punica granatum | Quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, and Myricetin, etc. |
[179] |
| Salvia rosmarinus | Rosmarinic acid, carnosol, and carnosic acid | [177] |
| Syzygium cumini | Quercetin | [180,181,182] |
| Thymus vulgaris | Caffeic and rosmarinic acids | [183] |
| Triticum aestivum | Phytic acid, ferulic acid, sinapic, syringic, vanillic and p-coumaric acids | [184,185] |
| Vitis vinifera | Malvidin, cyanidin, delphinidin, peonidin and petunidin, epigallocatechin etc. | [186,187] |