Table 12.
Legislation on food products in India, USA, and Europe.
| Contents | India | USA | Europe |
|---|---|---|---|
| Governing authority | FSSAI | Food Drug Administration (FDA) | European Union Regulatory Authority (EUMA) |
| Rules and regulations | Food Safety and Standards Act (FSSA), 2006 Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) |
Food, Drug & Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) | Directive 95/2/EC |
| Purpose | For laying down standards for food and to regulate their manufacture, storage, distribution, sale, and import, to ensure availability of safe and wholesome food for human consumption and advancement in international trade | FDA’s Centre for Food Safety & Applied Nutrition (CFSAN) have regulatory control by laying down standards and policies to prevent gross adulteration and contamination for ensuring the safety of food | Establishment and effective functioning of the internal market, health, safety, environmental protection, and consumers protection |
| Features | BIS deals with the standardization of food products and runs a voluntary certification scheme known as the “ISI” mark for processed foods | Authorized three kinds of food standards—identity, quality, and fill with container | Provides scientific advice and technical support for farming legislation and policies having a direct or indirect impact on food and food safety |
| Additive/ preservative |
As per amendment regulation, any substance that is capable of inhibiting, retarding, or arresting the process of fermentation, acidification or other deterioration of food but does not include: any permitted coloring matter; common salt (sodium chloride); lecithin, sugars or tocopherols; nicotinic acid or its amide |
Preservatives are described as food additives that are intentionally added to the foodstuff that become a component of the foodstuff, to prolong its shelf life by preventing microbial contamination | |
| Pre-market approval | Required | Required | Required |
| Food safety & management systems |
Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) Good Handling Practices (GHP) Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) |
Require proof of Safety review GRAS is an American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) assignment that a concoction or substance added to food is viewed as protected by specialists | |
| References | [195,308,309,310,311] | [312,313] | [197,199,314,315] |