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. 2023 Jul 4;28(13):5189. doi: 10.3390/molecules28135189

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Boiled egg plot of the 12 selected coffee phytochemicals. Molecule 1—Gallic acid; Molecule 2—O-Coumaric acid; Molecule 3—Epigallocatechin gallate; Molecule 4—Naringin; Molecule 5—Epicatechin Gallate; Molecule 6—Catechin; Molecule 7—Gallocatechin gallate; Molecule 8—Quercetin; Molecule 9—Caffeic acid; Molecule 10—Caffeine; Molecule 11—p-Coumaric acid; Molecule 12—Rosmarinic acid. Points located in the yellow region indicate the blood–brain barrier permeability, whereas points in the white region indicate absorption in the GI tract. Naringin is out of both yellow and white regions, indicating no blood–brain barrier permeability and no GI absorption. Epigallocatechin gallate and Gallocatechin gallate were found to be out of range.