Figure 4.

Photodynamic action mechanism of ribonucleic acid (RNA)-targeting self-assembling NBEX dyes type III-photosensitizer prepared by Yao et al. [43]. Nanoparticles were prepared in an aqueous medium by self-assembly of NBEX dyes. After administration, distribution, and accumulation in the target tissue, it was irradiated using a light source at 670 nm. At that moment, the NBEX, found linked to RNA molecules of interest for normal cell functioning and maintenance, were destroyed by the photosensitizer in the triplet state, regardless of the coexistence of molecular oxygen. As no RNA molecules are available for the regular production of proteins essential to cell integrity, the death process is triggered, resulting in the eradication of the tumor.