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. 2023 Jul 6;28(13):5258. doi: 10.3390/molecules28135258

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Real-time PCR analysis of differentially expressed genes. (A) At the 4 h-capsaicin-treated group, the mRNA expression of IGFBP3, NXF1 and SLFN5 were selected to be validated by real-time PCR. (B) At the 12 h-capsaicin-treated group, the mRNA expression of VEGFA, IL-6, FOS and PSAT1 were selected to analyzed by real-time PCR. (C) At the 24 h-capsaicin-treated group, the mRNA expression of VEGFA, IL-6, PCK2, PHGDH, CTH, ACSS2, ASNS and PSAT1 were selected to be analyzed by real-time PCR (*** p < 0.001 vs. DMSO).