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Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
(a) Cross-validation of volatiles to estimate the predictive ability of the PLS-DA model; (b) The result of permutation test; (c) Score plot of PLS-DA; (d) The volatiles with VIP > 1.