Table 2.
Different anesthetic and EG.
| The characteristics | Anesthetics | Intervention | Index | Results | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion model (Rats) myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model (guinea pig) |
Sevoflurane | Ketamine group: 80–120 mg/kg S group: 1MAC (2.0vol.%) Control group: no sevoflurane S group: 2.0vol.%v Control group: no sevoflurane S group1: 0.5MAC (1.0vol.%) sevoflurane S group2: 1MAC(2.0vol.%) sevoflurane Control group: no sevoflurane S group: 1MAC sevoflurane |
HS, SDC-1 | S group: ↓ |
[20]
[46] [70] [76] |
| Ischemia-reperfusion model (pig) Lung ischemia-reperfusion model (pig) Lung resection surgery model (pig) Patients undergoing lung resection surgery Patients undergoing knee-ligament surgery |
Propofol | P group: 10 mg/kg/h propofol S group: 2.0 vol.% sevoflurane P group: 8–10 mg/kg/h propofol S group: 3.0 vol.% sevoflurane P and Sham group: 10 mg/kg/h propofol S group: 2.0 vol.% sevoflurane P group: 5–15 mg/kg/h S group: 1.5–2.5 vol% sevoflurane P group:2–2.5 μg/mL Propofol S group: 0.8–1.0 age-corrected MAC sevoflurane |
HS HS, SDC-1 SDC-1 HS HS, SDC-1 |
Propofol group: ↑ Sevoflurane group: ↓ Propofol group: ↑ Sevoflurane group: ↓ Propofol and Sham group: ↑ Sevoflurane group: ↓ Propofol vs Sevoflurane group: – Propofol vs Sevoflurane group: – |
[40]
[71] [77] [94] [95] |
| Pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion model (pig) | Lidocaine | Lidocaine group:1.5 mg/kg/h Sham-operated group and Control group: equivalent volume of PBS |
HS, SDC-1 | Lidocaine group: ↓ | [110] |
| Spinal cord ischemia Reperfusion model (Rats) Rat heatstroke model |
Dexmedetomidine | DEX group: 1 μg/kg DEX Sham group and I/R group: equivalent volume of PBS DEX group: 5 µg/kg/h DEX NSS and SHAM group:10 mL/kg/h 0.9% saline |
MMP9 SDC-1 |
DEX group: ↓ |
[113]
[117] |
DEX group = dexmedetomidine group, EG = endothelial glycocalyx, HS = heparin sulfate, MAC = minimum alveolar concentration, NSS = normal saline solution, P group = propofol group, PBS = phosphate buffered saline, S group = sevoflurane group, SDC-1 = Syndecan-1, vs = versus.
↑: HS/SDC-1/HA/MMP9 values were significantly higher in this group than other groups (P < .05). ↓: HS/SDC-1/HA/MMP9 values were significantly lower in this group than other groups (P < .05). –: HS/SDC-1/HA/MMP9 values were no statistical difference between the groups (P ˃ .05).