Table 1.

Study population

Parameter		All patients (n = 12,366)	Patients who received opioids (n = 11,770)	% difference	p value
Gender	Women	54 (6508)	95 (6150)	1.4	< 0.001
	Men	47 (5858)	96 (5620)
Age group in years	18 to 34	13 (1657)	98 (1628)	7.1	< 0.001
	35 to 49	17 (2146)	96 (2060)	4.9
	50 to 59	25 (3109)	96 (2975)	4.6
	60 to 69	27 (3368)	95 (3207)	4.1
	70 +	17 (2086)	91 (1900)
Insurance	Private	55 (6836)	97 (6604)		< 0.001
	Medicaid	12 (1423)	95 (1347)	-1.9
	Medicare	32 (3907)	93 (3623)	-3.9
	Self-pay	2 (199)	98 (195)	1.4
Race	Asian or Pacific Islander	3 (318)	96 (304)	0.2	0.40
	Non-Hispanic Black	27 (3289)	95 (3113)	-0.7
	Hispanic or Latino	3 (372)	95 (352)	-0.7
	Non-Hispanic White	65 (8076)	95 (7701)
	Other	3 (311)	97 (300)	1.1

Data are presented as % (n). Race, ethnicity, and gender identity were self-identified by the patient.