Skip to main content
. 2023 May 10;136(14):1680–1689. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000002695

Table 1.

Univariate and multivariate analysis of prognosis for GBC after curative-intent resection.

Variables Univariate analysis Multivariate analysis
HR (95% CI) P-value HR (95% CI) P-value
Sex
Female vs. male 0.825 (0.646–1.054) 0.124
Age
>60 vs. ≤60 (years) 1.346 (1.043–1.737) 0.022
CEA
>5.0 vs. ≤5.0 (ng/mL) 2.797 (2.182–3.585) <0.001 1.506 (1.139–1.992) 0.004
CA19–9
>39.0 vs. ≤39.0 (U/mL) 2.505 (1.978–3.171) <0.001
CA125
>35.0 vs. ≤35.0 (U/mL) 2.069 (1.622–2.639) <0.001
TBIL
>34.1 vs. ≤34.1 (μmol/L) 2.031 (1.495–2.760) <0.001
Unexpected GBC
Yes vs. no 0.746 (0.571–0.975) 0.032
Gallstones
Yes vs. no 1.435 (1.122–1.835) 0.004 1.490 (1.153–1.925) 0.002
Gallbladder polyps
Yes vs. no 0.111 (0.036–0.347) <0.001
Lymph node dissection
≥6 vs. <6 1.164 (0.914–1.482) 0.219
Tumor location
Body and bottom vs. neck 0.657 (0.486–0.888) 0.006
All gallbladder vs. neck 0.803 (0.567–1.137) 0.217
Tumor morphology
Infiltrating type vs. massive type 2.259 (1.710–2.983) <0.001
Hybrid type vs. massive type 1.062 (0.677–1.668) 0.793
Pathological type of tumor
Non-adenocarcinoma vs. adenocarcinoma 0.950 (0.707–1.276) 0.732
Tumor differentiation
Moderate vs. well 2.766 (1.635–4.677) <0.001 1.508 (0.872–2.610) 0.142
Poor vs. well 7.013 (4.176–11.778) <0.001 3.046 (1.764–5.262) <0.001
Liver involvement
Yes vs. no 2.824 (2.228–3.579) <0.001 1.368 (1.047–1.786) 0.021
Major vascular invasion
Yes vs. no 3.454 (2.294–5.201) <0.001
Perineural invasion
Yes vs. no 2.478 (1.814–3.385) <0.001
Microvascular invasion
Yes vs. no 1.684 (1.079–2.629) 0.022
AJCC 8th edition T stage
T3 vs. T1–2 3.536 (2.186–5.719) <0.001
T4 vs. T1–2 12.253 (7.015–21.404) <0.001
AJCC 8th edition N stage
N1 vs. N0 2.820 (2.165–3.673) <0.001 1.918 (1.453–2.530) <0.001
N2 vs. N0 6.469 (4.628–9.041) <0.001 2.300 (1.437–3.682) 0.001
AJCC 8th edition TNM stage
III vs. I–II 3.668 (2.129–6.319) <0.001 1.807 (1.015–3.214) 0.044
IVA–B vs. I–II 15.865 (8.950–28.122) <0.001 4.243 (2.139–8.416) <0.001
TO
No vs. yes 2.060 (1.595–2.661) <0.001 1.524 (1.155–2.011) 0.003
ACT
Yes vs. no 0.743 (0.489–1.130) 0.165

ACT: Adjuvant chemotherapy; AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CA125: Carbohydrate antigen 125; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CI: Confidence interval; GBC: Gallbladder carcinoma; HR: Hazard ratio; TBIL: Total bilirubin; TO: Textbook outcome.