Table 1.
Univariate and multivariate analysis of prognosis for GBC after curative-intent resection.
| Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | ||
| Sex | |||||
| Female vs. male | 0.825 (0.646–1.054) | 0.124 | |||
| Age | |||||
| >60 vs. ≤60 (years) | 1.346 (1.043–1.737) | 0.022 | |||
| CEA | |||||
| >5.0 vs. ≤5.0 (ng/mL) | 2.797 (2.182–3.585) | <0.001 | 1.506 (1.139–1.992) | 0.004 | |
| CA19–9 | |||||
| >39.0 vs. ≤39.0 (U/mL) | 2.505 (1.978–3.171) | <0.001 | |||
| CA125 | |||||
| >35.0 vs. ≤35.0 (U/mL) | 2.069 (1.622–2.639) | <0.001 | |||
| TBIL | |||||
| >34.1 vs. ≤34.1 (μmol/L) | 2.031 (1.495–2.760) | <0.001 | |||
| Unexpected GBC | |||||
| Yes vs. no | 0.746 (0.571–0.975) | 0.032 | |||
| Gallstones | |||||
| Yes vs. no | 1.435 (1.122–1.835) | 0.004 | 1.490 (1.153–1.925) | 0.002 | |
| Gallbladder polyps | |||||
| Yes vs. no | 0.111 (0.036–0.347) | <0.001 | |||
| Lymph node dissection | |||||
| ≥6 vs. <6 | 1.164 (0.914–1.482) | 0.219 | |||
| Tumor location | |||||
| Body and bottom vs. neck | 0.657 (0.486–0.888) | 0.006 | |||
| All gallbladder vs. neck | 0.803 (0.567–1.137) | 0.217 | |||
| Tumor morphology | |||||
| Infiltrating type vs. massive type | 2.259 (1.710–2.983) | <0.001 | |||
| Hybrid type vs. massive type | 1.062 (0.677–1.668) | 0.793 | |||
| Pathological type of tumor | |||||
| Non-adenocarcinoma vs. adenocarcinoma | 0.950 (0.707–1.276) | 0.732 | |||
| Tumor differentiation | |||||
| Moderate vs. well | 2.766 (1.635–4.677) | <0.001 | 1.508 (0.872–2.610) | 0.142 | |
| Poor vs. well | 7.013 (4.176–11.778) | <0.001 | 3.046 (1.764–5.262) | <0.001 | |
| Liver involvement | |||||
| Yes vs. no | 2.824 (2.228–3.579) | <0.001 | 1.368 (1.047–1.786) | 0.021 | |
| Major vascular invasion | |||||
| Yes vs. no | 3.454 (2.294–5.201) | <0.001 | |||
| Perineural invasion | |||||
| Yes vs. no | 2.478 (1.814–3.385) | <0.001 | |||
| Microvascular invasion | |||||
| Yes vs. no | 1.684 (1.079–2.629) | 0.022 | |||
| AJCC 8th edition T stage | |||||
| T3 vs. T1–2 | 3.536 (2.186–5.719) | <0.001 | |||
| T4 vs. T1–2 | 12.253 (7.015–21.404) | <0.001 | |||
| AJCC 8th edition N stage | |||||
| N1 vs. N0 | 2.820 (2.165–3.673) | <0.001 | 1.918 (1.453–2.530) | <0.001 | |
| N2 vs. N0 | 6.469 (4.628–9.041) | <0.001 | 2.300 (1.437–3.682) | 0.001 | |
| AJCC 8th edition TNM stage | |||||
| III vs. I–II | 3.668 (2.129–6.319) | <0.001 | 1.807 (1.015–3.214) | 0.044 | |
| IVA–B vs. I–II | 15.865 (8.950–28.122) | <0.001 | 4.243 (2.139–8.416) | <0.001 | |
| TO | |||||
| No vs. yes | 2.060 (1.595–2.661) | <0.001 | 1.524 (1.155–2.011) | 0.003 | |
| ACT | |||||
| Yes vs. no | 0.743 (0.489–1.130) | 0.165 | |||
ACT: Adjuvant chemotherapy; AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CA125: Carbohydrate antigen 125; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CI: Confidence interval; GBC: Gallbladder carcinoma; HR: Hazard ratio; TBIL: Total bilirubin; TO: Textbook outcome.