Table 3.
Univariate and multivariate analysis of TO for GBC after curative-intent resection.
| Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | ||
| Sex | |||||
| Female vs. male | 0.883 (0.612–1.273) | 0.505 | |||
| Age | |||||
| >60 vs. ≤60 (years) | 0.649 (0.454–0.928) | 0.018 | 0.617 (0.417–0.913) | 0.016 | |
| CEA | |||||
| >5.0 vs. ≤5.0 (ng/mL) | 0.552 (0.361–0.843) | 0.006 | |||
| CA19-9 | |||||
| >39.0 vs. ≤39.0 (U/mL) | 0.395 (0.268–0.582) | <0.001 | |||
| CA125 | |||||
| >35.0 vs. ≤35.0 (U/mL) | 0.607 (0.411–0.898) | 0.012 | |||
| TBIL | |||||
| >34.1 vs. ≤34.1 (μmol/L) | 0.192 (0.093–0.396) | <0.001 | 0.238 (0.110–0.512) | <0.001 | |
| Unexpected GBC | |||||
| Yes vs. no | 2.432 (1.665–3.553) | <0.001 | |||
| Gallstones | |||||
| Yes vs. no | 0.810 (0.571–1.149) | 0.237 | |||
| Gallbladder polyps | |||||
| Yes vs. no | 2.689 (1.331–5.432) | 0.006 | |||
| Intraoperative and postoperative pathological data | |||||
| Lymph node dissection | |||||
| ≥6 vs. <6 | 1.235 (0.868–1.757) | 0.541 | |||
| Tumor location | |||||
| Body and bottom vs. neck | 1.627 (0.999–2.648) | 0.050 | |||
| All gallbladder vs. neck | 1.517 (0.864–2.661) | 0.147 | |||
| Tumor morphology | |||||
| Infiltrating type vs. massive type | 0.680 (0.466–0.992) | 0.045 | |||
| Hybrid type vs. massive type | 1.831 (1.019–3.293) | 0.043 | |||
| Pathological type of tumor | |||||
| Non-adenocarcinoma vs. adenocarcinoma | 0.875 (0.571–1.341) | 0.539 | |||
| Tumor differentiation | |||||
| Moderate vs. well | 0.592 (0.353–0.992) | 0.047 | 0.693 (0.395–1.218) | 0.202 | |
| Poor vs. well | 0.308 (0.179–0.528) | <0.001 | 0.444 (0.244–0.812) | 0.008 | |
| Liver involvement | |||||
| Yes vs. no | 0.273 (0.181–0.414) | <0.001 | 0.387 (0.244–0.615) | <0.001 | |
| Major vascular invasion | |||||
| Yes vs. no | 0.045 (0.006–0.331) | 0.002 | |||
| Perineural invasion | |||||
| Yes vs. no | 0.560 (0.314–0.999) | 0.049 | |||
| Microvascular invasion | |||||
| Yes vs. no | 0.814 (0.379–1.746) | 0.597 | |||
| AJCC 8th edition T stage | |||||
| T3 vs. T1–2 | 0.586 (0.374–0.917) | 0.019 | 0.984 (0.593–1.633) | 0.951 | |
| T4 vs. T1–2 | 0.034 (0.008–0.147) | <0.001 | 0.113 (0.024–0.528) | 0.006 | |
| AJCC 8th edition N stage | |||||
| N1 vs. N0 | 0.702 (0.463–1.006) | 0.097 | |||
| N2 vs. N0 | 0.724 (0.402–1.304) | 0.282 | |||
| AJCC 8th edition TNM stage | |||||
| III vs. I–II | 0.577 (0.361–0.922) | 0.022 | |||
| IVA–B vs. I–II | 0.232 (0.123–0.437) | <0.001 | |||
AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CA125: Carbohydrate antigen 125; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CI: Confidence interval; GBC: Gallbladder carcinoma; OR: Odds ratio; TBIL: Total bilirubin; TNM: Tumor node metastasis; TO: Textbook outcome.