Table 1.
A brief summary of the 3D printed implants in maxillofacial and oral applications.
| Clinic cases | Prosthesis Type | Material | Printing techniques | Outcome | Country/year | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asymmetric face, collapse of the right face, masticatory problems, malocclusion, and TMJ clicks after mandibular outer cortex split ostectomy (MOCSO) | Titanium mandibular mesh | Titanium | / | Perfect fit the position; correction of facial asymmetry; decreased mouth-opening deviation; disappearance of TMJ pain | China/2012 | [136] |
| Complex reconstruction of the craniomaxillofacial area | Titanium plate | Titanium | SLS | Well fitted; individual aesthetic well maintained; no implant-related complications | Germany/2017 | [137] |
| Anterior maxillary region injury with loss of upper front teeth along with bone | Implant model for visual inspection and Basal Osseointegrated implant | PLA for model and Ti64 for implant | FDM for model and SLS for implant | All the dentures functionality and aesthetics were restored to that of a health individual | India/2017 | [138] |
| Severe maxillofacial trauma, extensive swelling of maxillofacial area, loss of normal occlusal contacts | Ti6AI4V cellular mesh tray | Ti6Al4V | SLM | Discharged at the 3rd postoperative week, no obvious clinical signs of inflammation, implant partially covered by bone callus | China/2017 | [139] |
| Case 1: mandibular corpus ameloblastoma, Case 2: squamous cell carcinoma | Grade II titanium | Titanium | SLM | Recovery to oral feeding; returned to a normal diet without any need for analgesics; no pain or visible scar | France/2017 | [140] |
| Unilateral end-stage TMJ osteoarthrosis | Fossa component: ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene condylar head component: cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy mandibular component: 3D printed titanium alloys | Ti6Al4V | / | Wound healed well without serious scars; no prosthesis displacement, breakage or loosening | China/2019 | [141] |
| Post-traumatic zygomatic fixation | medial-lateral 3.5 cm orbital floor defect. | Ti6Al4V (Grade 23) | Metal powder bed fusion | Precise restoration and robust anatomical fitting with no issues | UK/2020 | [142] |
| Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) OA/TMJ synovial chondromatosis | Fossa backing/Ti–6Al–4V ramus and Co–Cr–Mo condylar head | Ti6AL4V/ | EBM | No prostheses displacement, breakage or loosening, no severe infection, no swelling and scars, VAS for pain or diet and mandibular function reduced, increased maximal interincisal opening (MIO) | China/2021 | [143] |
| Recurrent ameloblastoma in the left mandible | patient-specific implant plate | Ti6Al4V (Grade 5) | SLM | Perfect facial symmetry, normal facial expression movements, normal opening and closing movements, good fit positioning of the implants | Syria/2021 | [144] |