Table 4.

A brief summary of the 3D printed implants in hip joints applications.

Clinic cases	Prosthesis Type	Material	Printing techniques	Outcome	Country/year	Ref
Severe hip deformity caused by either hip tuberculosis (TB) or developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)	3D printing hip arthroplasties	Titanium	EBM	Shortened time to postoperative weight bearing. Improved postoperative HHS	China/2017	[177]
Total hip arthroplasty	3D printed acetabular cup with a porosity of 50%–80%, pore size of 600–800 μm	Titanium	EBM	No prosthesis related complications. Improved average HHS. New bone formation in the porous cup.	China/2021	[181]
Chronic periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) and segmental femoral defect	3D printed personalized proximal femur prosthesis	/	/	Significantly improvement in HHS, no sign of implant loosening, significant symptomatic improvement with a near-anatomical hip joint	China/2021	[180]