Table 1.

Mean ± Standard error of mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) respiratory volume values (liter).

	Posture	Breathing task				F value (p value)	p < 0.05 by Bonferroni testing
		(a) Q-Bre	(b) Deep-Bre	(c) Forced-Expi	(d) Exertion-Inspi
Inspiratory phase	Supine	0.75 ± 0.07 (0.60–0.90)	1.51 ± 0.12 (1.25–1.76)	2.57 ± 0.20 (2.13–3.01)	0.93 ± 0.07 (0.79–1.08)	61.64 (0.001*)	c versus a, b, d b versus a, d
	Elbow-toe	0.67 ± 0.11 (0.44–0.91)	1.26 ± 0.12 (0.99–1.53)	1.81 ± 0.19 (1.40–2.22)	1.12 ± 0.11 (0.88–1.37)		c versus a, b, d b versus a
Posture						4.05 (0.066)
Expiratory phase	Supine	0.69 ± 0.08 (0.53–0.85)	1.44 ± 0.12 (1.17–1.71)	3.33 ± 0.27 (2.76–3.90)	0.98 ± 0.09 (0.79–1.17)	69.45 (0.001*)	c versus a, b, d b versus a
	Elbow-toe	0.55 ± 0.06 (0.41–0.69)	1.34 ± 0.12 (1.09–1.60)	2.31 ± 0.23 (1.81–2.81)	1.11 ± 0.14 (0.82–1.41)		c versus a, b, d b versus a
Posture						7.72 (0.016*)

Q-Bre quiet nasal breathing, Deep-Bre nasal deep breathing until abdominal wall expansion, Forced-Expi completely forced expiration with pursed-lips until the abdominal wall hollowed, Exertion-Inspi exertional nasal inhalation with abdominal muscle isometric contraction to prevent abdominal wall expansion.

*p < 0.05.