Table 2.
Comparison of retinal thickness in pre-manifest and manifest HD vs. matched-controls
| Pre-manifest HD | Pre-manifest control | HD | HD control | Group | Match | Interaction | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total retinal thickness | |||||||
| Macula | 306.82 ± 11.75 | 303.02 ± 10.75 | 306.92 ± 13.86 | 309.11 ± 12.69 | – | – | – |
| Perifovea | 297.01 ± 11.71 | 293.95 ± 11.11 | 297.3 ± 13.74 | 299.98 ± 12.94 | – | – | – |
| Parafovea | 342.73 ± 14.13 | 336.53 ± 12.05 | 341.84 ± 15.33 | 343.16 ± 16.29 | – | – | – |
| Central | 223.43 ± 16.29 | 219.8 ± 12.32 | 225.6 ± 15.14 | 222.53 ± 13.43 | – | – | – |
| GCIPL | |||||||
| Macula | 71.69 ± 3.82 | 70.6 ± 4.96 | 71.34 ± 6.22 | 72.09 ± 4.95 | – | – | – |
| Perifovea | 65.97 ± 4.09 | 65.07 ± 5.06 | 65.69 ± 5.83 | 66.37 ± 5.44 | – | – | – |
| Parafovea | 94.92 ± 5.17 | 92.93 ± 6.15 | 93.93 ± 8.4 | 95.25 ± 6.55 | – | – | – |
| Central | 31.63 ± 5.21 | 32.27 ± 5.61 | 33.77 ± 6.03 | 32.3 ± 4.83 | – | – | – |
| INL | |||||||
| Macula | 33.69 ± 1.88 | 33.25 ± 1.96 | 34.19 ± 2.28 | 33.97 ± 2.3 | – | – | – |
| Perifovea | 32.44 ± 2.06 | 32.31 ± 1.9 | 32.97 ± 2.13 | 32.78 ± 2.37 | – | – | – |
| Parafovea | 39.75 ± 2.71 | 38.29 ± 3.03 | 40.06 ± 3.31 | 39.69 ± 3.68 | – | – | – |
| Central | 14.82 ± 3.64 | 14.41 ± 3.24 | 15.91 ± 3.74 | 16.02 ± 4 | – | – | – |
| OPL-HF-ONL | |||||||
| Macula | 89.53 ± 5.25 | 87.25 ± 6.75 | 90.73 ± 5.7 | 89.92 ± 6.71 | – | – | – |
| Perifovea | 84.05 ± 5.09 | 81.59 ± 6.73 | 85.44 ± 5.96 | 84.67 ± 6.62 | – | – | – |
| Parafovea | 103.72 ± 6.49 | 101.97 ± 8.1 | 104.61 ± 5.68 | 103.51 ± 8 | – | – | – |
| Central | 97.33 ± 8.34 | 96.09 ± 7.86 | 96.4 ± 6.25 | 96.51 ± 6.98 | – | – | – |
| ELM-BM | |||||||
| Macula | 78.76 ± 2.07 | 79.97 ± 1.91 | 78.89 ± 2.2 | 80.27 ± 1.95 | 0.036 | – | – |
| Perifovea | 77.38 ± 2.01 | 79.12 ± 2.0 | 77.55 ± 2.13 | 79.24 ± 2.04 | 0.010 | – | – |
| Parafovea | 81.65 ± 2.76 | 82.15 ± 2.45 | 81.65 ± 2.84 | 82.31 ± 2.22 | – | – | – |
| Central | 73.14 ± 4.24 | 71.37 ± 3 | 73.01 ± 4.36 | 71.92 ± 3.68 | – | – | – |
| pRNFL | |||||||
| Average | 99.43 ± 7.84 | 97.28 ± 9.24 | 96.97 ± 7.76 | 101.83 ± 9.33 | – | – | – |
| Temporal sector | 73.24 ± 9.84 | 68.14 ± 8.52 | 65.04 ± 9.94 | 71.79 ± 11 | 0.025 | – | 0.011 |
Control participants were matched by age, sex, smoking status and hypertension status with HD patients. p values were calculated using linear mixed-effects models. All measurements are in micrometers. Group factor indicates whether participants are HD or controls, whereas Match is a two-level factor for grouping pre-manifest HD and their matched-controls and manifest HD with their matched controls
GCIPLx ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer; ELM-BM retinal complex including external limiting membrane, inner and outer segments of photoreceptor, and retinal pigment epithelium; INL inner retinal layer; HD, Huntington’s disease; OPL-HF-ONL outer plexiform-Henle fiber-outer nuclear layer complex; pRNFL peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer; SD standard deviation