Table 3.

Linear regression models for cognitive and motor scores in HD

	Unadjusted			Adjusted
	β	SE	p value	β	SE	p value
MoCA score
Total retinal thickness	0.34	0.07	0.002**	0.31	0.07	0.007**
GCIPL	0.63	0.19	0.009**	0.43	0.21	0.088
INL	1.84	0.46	0.002**	1.51	0.39	0.005**
OPL-ONL	0.75	0.18	0.002**	0.64	0.15	0.002**
ELM-BM	− 0.28	0.68	0.76	0	0.67	0.998
pRNFL	0.49	0.18	0.022*	0.38	0.18	0.087
pRNFL, temporal	0.18	0.15	0.351	0.11	0.13	0.544
UHDRS score
Total retinal thickness	− 0.46	0.26	0.326	− 0.70	0.28	0.262
GCIPL	− 1.06	0.58	0.339	− 1.38	0.61	0.110
INL	− 2.85	1.50	0.750	− 3.38	1.56	0.114
OPL-ONL	− 1.02	0.63	0.231	− 1.32	0.68	0.125
ELM-BM	2.34	1.72	0.272	2.26	2.03	0.354
pRNFL	− 0.58	0.54	0.358	− 1.05	0.62	0.171
pRNFL, temporal	− 0.14	0.40	0.722	− 0.13	0.43	0.758

p values were corrected with False Discovery Rate (FDR) for multiple comparisons. In adjusted models age, sex, and education were introduced as covariates for predicting MoCA score, whereas age and sex was used in UHDRS models. Significant p-values are highlighted with asterisks (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01)

GCIPL ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer; ELM-BM retinal complex including external limiting membrane, inner and outer segments of photoreceptor, and retinal pigment epithelium; INL inner retinal layer; MoCA montreal cognitive assessment; OPL-ONL outer plexiform-outer nuclear layer complex; pRNFL peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer; UHDRS Unified Huntington’s disease Rating Scale