Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the subjects.
| Variable | T2DM |
Non-DM |
p |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 26 | n = 21 | ||
| Age | 54,4 ± 7,4 | 51,7 ± 7,1 | 0.210 |
| Male sex | 12 (46.1%) | 7 (33.3%) | 0.373 |
| Body Weight (kg) | 65.18 ± 10.9 | 63.65 ± 9.04 | 0.398 |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 0.670 | ||
| Underweight | 0 | 1 (4.8%) | |
| Normoweight | 6 (23.1%) | 6 (28.6%) | |
| Overweight | 4 (15.4%) | 3 (14.3%) | |
| Obese | 16 (61.5%) | 11 (52.4%) | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 127 (100–160) | 105 (90–150) | 0.053 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 80 (65–100) | 70 (60–80) | 0.131 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 90.2 ± 10,5 | 83,6 ± 9.7 | 0.068 |
| Physical Activity (METs) | 1.97 ± 0,4 | 2.01 ± 0,4 | 0.642 |
| Laboratory results | |||
| Fasting Blood Glucose (g/dL) | 121.5 (81–297) | 88 (79–116) | < 0.001 |
| Hb1Ac (%) | 8.3 (5.6–14.2) | 5.45 (4.1–6) | < 0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 186.7 (1.93–467) | 116.4 (61–285) | 0.638 |
| Dietary intake before Ramadan | |||
| Total nutrient (kcal) | 1.255 (818–2205) | 1.248 (876–1672) | 0.748 |
| Carbohydrate (gram) | 176.7 (104–235) | 175.2 (102–233) | 0.416 |
| Fat (gram) | 49.85 (19.5–107.8) | 38.17 (31.0–56.8) | 0.293 |
| Protein (gram) | 45.3 (21.8–95.7) | 42.3 (32.5–63.3) | 0.207 |
| Dietary intake after Ramadan | |||
| Total nutrient (kcal) | 1.035 (393–2.048) | 989 (583.6) | 0.257 |
| Carbohydrate (gram) | 147.5 (77.6–266.8) | 135.9 (76.5–170) | 0.346 |
| Fat (gram) | 43.3 (7.19–85.36) | 33.2 (20.1–60.6) | 0.134 |
| Protein (gram) | 35.8 (5.54–85) | 34.78 (16.7–42.1) | 0.095 |
*Numerical data with normal distribution are presented with means and standard deviations. Numeric data with abnormal distribution are presented with median and minimum-maximum values. Categorical data are displayed as absolute amounts and percentages.