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. 2023 Jul 5;23(13):6167. doi: 10.3390/s23136167

Table 1.

Performance of the AO-MPKELM models under different highest mixing orders.

D RMSE MAE Time (s)
Training Testing Training Testing
2 4.78 × 10−3 4.08 × 10−3 3.62 × 10−3 3.16 × 10−3 0.68
3 4.87 × 10−4 4.63 × 10−4 3.98 × 10−4 3.48 × 10−4 0.78
4 8.76 × 10−5 1.66 × 10−4 6.26 × 10−5 1.23 × 10−4 0.97
5 6.54 × 10−5 1.80 × 10−4 4.81 × 10−5 1.34 × 10−4 1.16