Table 8.
Comparison of providing the body with appropriate ingredients according to EFSA standards among vegetarians and omnivores.
| Nutrients [PRI or AI], [n (%)] |
Vegetarians (n = 22) | Omnivores (n = 22) | p Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women (n = 18), Men (n = 4) |
Women (n = 18), Men (n = 4) |
||||
| AR | BR | AR | BR | ||
| Fiber (g) [≥25 g] |
19 (86.4) | 3 (13.6) | 12 (54.5) | 10 (45.5) | 0.0474 $ |
| Potassium (mg) [≥3500 mg] |
10 (45.5) | 12 (54.5) | 11 (50) | 11 (50) | 0.7627 |
| Calcium (mg) [18–24 years ≥ 1000 mg >25 years ≥ 950 mg] |
7 (31.8) | 15 (68.2) | 8 (36.4) | 14 (63.6) | 0.7503 |
| Phosphorus (mg) [≥550 mg] |
21 (95.5) | 1 (4.5) | 22 (100) | 0 (0) | 1.0000 |
| Magnesium (mg) [≥350 mg/≥300 mg] |
17 (77.3) | 5 (22.7) | 16 (72.7) | 6 (27.3) | 0.7275 |
| Iron (mg) [18–39 years ≥ 11 mg/≥16 mg ≥40 years ≥ 11 mg] |
10 (45.5) | 12 (54.5) | 8 (36.4) | 14 (63.6) | 0.5393 |
| Zinc (mg) [7.5–12.7 mg] |
19 (86.4) | 3 (13.6) | 21 (95.5) | 1 (4.5) | 0.5597 |
| Copper (mg) [≥6 mg/≥11.3 mg] |
0 (0) | 22 (100) | 0 (0) | 22 (100) | 1.0000 |
| Iodine (µg) [≥150 μg] |
1 (4.5) | 21 (95.5) | 0 (0) | 22 (100) | 1.0000 |
| Vitamin A (µg) [≥750 μg/≥650 μg] |
21 (95.5) | 1 (4.5) | 21 (95.5) | 1 (4.5) | 0.4692 |
| Vitamin D (µg) [≥15 μg] |
0 (0) | 22 (100) | 1 (4.5) | 21 (95.5) | 1.0000 |
| Vitamin E (mg) [≥13 mg/≥11 mg] |
10 (45.5) | 12 (54.5) | 14 (63.6) | 8 (36.4) | 0.2245 |
| Riboflavin (B2) (mg) [≥1.6 mg] |
6 (27.3) | 16 (72.7) | 14 (63.6) | 8 (36.4) | 0.0142 $ |
| Vitamin B6 (mg) [≥1.7 mg/≥1.6 mg] |
13 (59.1) | 9 (40.9) | 19 (86.4) | 3 (13.6) | 0.0905 |
| Folic Acid (µg) [≥330 μg] |
16 (72.7) | 6 (27.3) | 16 (72.7) | 6 (27.3) | 1.0000 |
| Vitamin B12 (µg) [≥4 μg] |
0 (0) | 22 (100) | 9 (40.9) | 13 (59.1) | 0.0027 $ |
| Vitamin C (mg) [≥110 mg/≥95 mg] |
19 (86.4) | 3 (13.6) | 19 (86.4) | 3 (13.6) | 0.6604 |
Note: Data are presented as number (percentage) of participants, $ p-value—statistically significant difference between vegetarians and omnivores, p < 0.05, Abbreviations: PRI—Population Reference Intake, AI—Adequate Intake, AR—According to References, BR—Below References.