Table 3.
Performance of various models and different combinations of data in different scenarios.
| Model Name | Scenario | Data | Accuracy | F1-Score |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| StressNeXt | Scenario 1 | PPG | 84.78% | 79.90% |
| ECG | 93.48% | 90.83% | ||
| EEG | 63.39% | 48.68% | ||
| PPG + ECG | 89.52% | 85.44% | ||
| PPG + EEG | 80.98% | 73.95% | ||
| ECG + EEG | 92.71% | 90.02% | ||
| PPG + ECG + EEG | 87.88% | 84.37% | ||
| Scenario 2 | PPG | 86.64% | 79.53% | |
| ECG | 96.80% | 94.27% | ||
| EEG | 64.81% | 47.75% | ||
| PPG + ECG | 83.73% | 65.20% | ||
| PPG + EEG | 84.18% | 75.01% | ||
| ECG + EEG | 95.93% | 91.33% | ||
| PPG + ECG + EEG | 89.37% | 76.86% | ||
| Scenario 3 | PPG | 95.22% | 78.55% | |
| ECG | 97.79% | 91.37% | ||
| EEG | 86.86% | 46.81% | ||
| PPG + ECG | 97.79% | 91.62% | ||
| PPG + EEG | 94.80% | 77.17% | ||
| ECG + EEG | 98.78% | 95.39% | ||
| PPG + ECG + EEG | 98.29% | 92.88% | ||
| LRCN | Scenario 1 | PPG | 81.78% | 78.10% |
| ECG | 95.13% | 93.72% | ||
| EEG | 69.93% | 55.68% | ||
| PPG + ECG | 88.52% | 85.41% | ||
| PPG + EEG | 81.15% | 77.31% | ||
| ECG + EEG | 93.51% | 91.17% | ||
| PPG + ECG + EEG | 81.51% | 77.14% | ||
| Scenario 2 | PPG | 82.94% | 72.06% | |
| ECG | 96.46% | 93.90% | ||
| EEG | 73.35% | 54.19% | ||
| PPG + ECG | 85.21% | 74.37% | ||
| PPG + EEG | 83.31% | 73.50% | ||
| ECG + EEG | 97.96% | 96.67% | ||
| PPG + ECG + EEG | 87.84% | 75.98% | ||
| Scenario 3 | PPG | 95.43% | 78.90% | |
| ECG | 97.16% | 93.63% | ||
| EEG | 90.42% | 57.76% | ||
| PPG + ECG | 95.44% | 84.94% | ||
| PPG + EEG | 92.14% | 68.00% | ||
| ECG + EEG | 96.71% | 90.31% | ||
| PPG + ECG + EEG | 92.00% | 67.49% | ||
| Self-Supervised CNN | Scenario 1 | PPG | 92.06% | 90.09% |
| ECG | 95.06% | 93.01% | ||
| EEG | 63.35% | 28.10% | ||
| PPG + ECG | 88.22% | 82.41% | ||
| PPG + EEG | 91.08% | 89.11% | ||
| ECG + EEG | 87.62% | 80.42% | ||
| PPG + ECG + EEG | 90.05% | 87.98% | ||
| Scenario 2 | PPG | 92.95% | 89.92% | |
| ECG | 96.61% | 94.54% | ||
| EEG | 69.90% | 30.35% | ||
| PPG + ECG | 90.53% | 79.41% | ||
| PPG + EEG | 90.08% | 85.39% | ||
| ECG + EEG | 96.15% | 93.09% | ||
| PPG + ECG + EEG | 88.56% | 76.57% | ||
| Scenario 3 | PPG | 95.48% | 78.54% | |
| ECG | 98.50% | 94.66% | ||
| EEG | 89.95% | 37.93% | ||
| PPG + ECG | 95.14% | 77.24% | ||
| PPG + EEG | 95.80% | 82.97% | ||
| ECG + EEG | 97.06% | 85.73% | ||
| PPG + ECG + EEG | 94.89% | 77.83% |