Table 1.

Summary of the potential causal associations between GM and HR HLA CeD.

GM to HR-HLA CeD
TAXONOMIC LEVEL					2SMR RESULTS
Phylum	Class	Order	Family	Genus	IVs	Beta	SE	p-value
Firmicutes	Clostridia	Clostridiales	Ruminococcaceae	Ruminococcaceae UCG010	3	1,690	0,828	0,041
Firmicutes	Clostridia	Clostridiales	Ruminococcaceae	Ruminococcaceae UCG011	2	-1,190	0,509	0,019
Firmicutes	Clostridia	Clostridiales	Lachnospiraceae	Lachnospiraceae UCG008	3	1,462	0,586	0,012
Firmicutes	Negativicutes	Veillonellales	Veillonellaceae	-	7	1,112	0,454	0,014
–	–	–	–	FamilyXIII UCG001	4	1,216	0,580	0,036
HR-HLA CeD to GM
TAXONOMIC LEVEL					2SMR RESULTS
Phylum	Class	Order	Family	Genus	IVs	Beta	SE	p-value
Firmicutes	Clostridia	Clostridiales	Ruminococcaceae	Anaerotruncus	3	-0,053	0,018	0,003
Firmicutes	Clostridia	Clostridiales	Lachnospiraceae	Tyzzerella3	3	-0,084	0,032	0,008
Bacteroidetes	Bacteroidia	Bacteroidales	Rikenellaceae	RikenellaceaeRC9 gutgroup	3	0,085	0,040	0,036
Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	–	–	-	3	0,047	0,018	0,011
Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Pasteurellales	–	-	3	0,049	0,024	0,041
Proteobacteria	Gammaproteobacteria	Pasteurellales	Pasteurellaceae	-	3	0,049	0,024	0,041
–	–	–	–	Unknowngenus	3	-0,057	0,023	0,014

Significant threshold was set at p-value <0.05 for the Inverse Variance Weighted method (IVW). IVs, Instrumental Variables; SE, standard error.

In black are depicted the direct results from our bidirectional 2SMR analysis, while in grey are indicated the upper taxonomic level of each hit.