Table 1.
Characteristics of participants without clinical ASCVD among US adults, 2001–2020a.
| No. of Participants (Weighted %) by Calendar Periodb | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2001–2004 | 2005–2008 | 2009–2012 | 2013–2016 | 2017–2020 | P for | |
| Characteristics | (n = 4,202) | (n = 4,772) | (n = 5,291) | (n = 5,395) | (n = 3,934) | trendc |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 53.7 (10.3) | 54.3 (10.2) | 55.0 (10.1) | 55.8 (10.2) | 56.6 (10.3) | <0.001 |
| Sex | 0.227 | |||||
| Male | 2,106 (48.7) | 2,329 (47.2) | 2,561 (47.2) | 2,510 (46.9) | 1,909 (47.2) | |
| Female | 2,096 (51.3) | 2,443 (52.8) | 2,730 (52.8) | 2,885 (53.1) | 2,025 (52.8) | |
| Age group, y | ||||||
| 40–49 | 1,433 (42.9) | 1,496 (38.4) | 1,695 (35.4) | 1,696 (32.6) | 1,095 (30.0) | <0.001 |
| 50–59 | 989 (29.6) | 1,274 (32.5) | 1,462 (32.5) | 1,527 (32.0) | 1,100 (31.0) | 0.504 |
| 60–69 | 1,041 (16.8) | 1,214 (18.3) | 1,386 (21.6) | 1,427 (23.7) | 1,177 (25.9) | <0.001 |
| 70–79 | 739 (10.7) | 788 (10.8) | 748 (10.5) | 745 (11.7) | 562 (13.1) | 0.008 |
| Race and ethnicity | ||||||
| N-H White | 2,264 (77.8) | 2,381 (75.8) | 2,221 (72.6) | 1,954 (69.4) | 1,330 (67.2) | <0.001 |
| N-H Black | 787 (9.1) | 1,005 (9.7) | 1,167 (9.9) | 1,124 (10.3) | 1,073 (10.1) | 0.501 |
| Hispanic | 1,013 (9.1) | 1,215 (9.4) | 1,395 (11.4) | 1,536 (12.6) | 870 (13.6) | 0.011 |
| Other Race | 138 (4.1) | 171 (5.0) | 508 (6.1) | 781 (7.7) | 661 (9.1) | <0.001 |
| Education leveld | ||||||
| <High school | 1,210 (15.9) | 1,372 (16.7) | 1,451 (17.3) | 1,299 (13.8) | 698 (10.4) | <0.001 |
| High school | 1,012 (26.0) | 1,128 (25.5) | 1,174 (21.7) | 1,161 (20.5) | 919 (26.0) | 0.06 |
| >High school | 1,978 (58.0) | 2,268 (57.8) | 2,659 (61.0) | 2,935 (65.7) | 2,313 (63.7) | <0.001 |
| BMId, kg/m2 | ||||||
| <25.0 | 1,074 (28.1) | 1,214 (28.5) | 1,291 (26.4) | 1,358 (24.8) | 845 (22.1) | <0.001 |
| 25.0–29.9 | 1,629 (38.7) | 1,707 (35.3) | 1,867 (36.2) | 1,781 (34.1) | 1,310 (34.5) | 0.002 |
| ≥30.0 | 1,401 (33.2) | 1,802 (36.2) | 2,082 (37.4) | 2,212 (41.0) | 1,758 (43.4) | <0.001 |
| Poverty indexd,e | ||||||
| <1.30 | 926 (15.1) | 1,104 (14.3) | 1,423 (17.1) | 1,441 (17.3) | 832 (14.4) | 0.476 |
| 1.30–3.49 | 1,455 (32.7) | 1,596 (31.9) | 1,691 (33.0) | 1,770 (32.0) | 1,285 (31.8) | 0.713 |
| ≥3.50 | 1,555 (52.2) | 1,742 (53.8) | 1,679 (49.9) | 1,696 (50.7) | 1,307 (53.8) | 0.848 |
| Insured | 3,548 (88.3) | 3,891 (86.4) | 4,123 (84.0) | 4,501 (87.9) | 3,414 (90.4) | 0.08 |
| Current smoker | 906 (21.3) | 1,011 (20.9) | 1,015 (18.0) | 991 (17.0) | 684 (15.1) | <0.001 |
| Dyslipidemiaf | 2,734 (63.8) | 3,307 (68.6) | 3,632 (67.7) | 3,784 (69.1) | 2,689 (67.4) | 0.033 |
| Hypertension | 2,162 (44.9) | 2,394 (45.2) | 2,626 (44.0) | 2,763 (47.4) | 2,127 (47.7) | 0.066 |
| Diabetes | 638 (11.0) | 846 (12.3) | 1,023 (13.7) | 1,148 (16.6) | 917 (17.5) | <0.001 |
ASCVD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; SD, standard deviation; N-H, non-Hispanic; BMI, body mass index.
ASCVD-free adults aged 40–79 years with all variables of the Pooled Cohort Equations were enrolled.
Values are numbers (weighted percentages), unless specified as mean (SD).
The statistical significance of a linear trend from 2001 to 2004 through 2017 to 2020 was assessed using weighted regression and modeling the midpoint of each time period.
Missing values for education level, BMI, poverty index, and insurance status were 17, 263, 2092, and 56 participants, respectively.
Represents the ratio of family income to the federal poverty threshold, adjusting for household size. A higher ratio indicates a higher level of income.
Dyslipidemia was defined as at least one abnormality in TC, LDL-C, TG, or HDL-C or self-reported diagnosis of high cholesterol level or taking lipid-lowering drugs.