Table 1.

Summary of studies included in the review.

Grouping of the studies				References
Human studies		Genetic analysis		(Eising et al., 2016; Renthal, 2018)
		Functional imaging		(de la Aleja et al., 2013; Albrecht et al., 2019)
		Serum analysis		(Papandreou et al., 2005)
		Clinical trials		(Kwok et al., 2016)
Animal studies	TG	Satellite glial cells in TG	Glial CGRP receptor expression	(Lennerz et al., 2008; Eftekhari and Edvinsson, 2010; Seiler et al., 2013; Eftekhari et al., 2015; Miller et al., 2016)
			Neuron–Glia crosstalk in TG	(Li et al., 2008; Capuano et al., 2009; Vause and Durham, 2009; Vause and Durham, 2010; De Corato et al., 2011; Neeb et al., 2011; Laursen et al., 2013; Raddant and Russo, 2014)
			Neuron–Glia crosstalk mechanism	(Thalakoti et al., 2007; Damodaram et al., 2009; Suadicani et al., 2010)
		Schwann cells surrounding trigeminal nerve		(De Logu et al., 2022)
		Glia in TG of FHM model		(Ceruti et al., 2011; Hullugundi et al., 2014)
	TNC	NTG model	NTG mouse model	(Long et al., 2018; He et al., 2019; Jing et al., 2019; Long et al., 2020; Jiang et al., 2021; Jing et al., 2021; Wen et al., 2021; Pan et al., 2022)
			NTG rat model	(Chen et al., 2022)
		IS rat model		(Wieseler et al., 2017; Fried et al., 2018; Su et al., 2018; Liu et al., 2018a; Gong et al., 2020; Zhou et al., 2020; Zhu et al., 2021)
	Brain	FHM mouse model	FHM1	(Khennouf et al., 2016; Magni et al., 2019; Dehghani et al., 2021)
			FHM2	(Bøttger et al., 2016; Capuani et al., 2016; Kros et al., 2018; Unekawa et al., 2018; de Iure et al., 2019; Romanos et al., 2020; Smith et al., 2020; Crivellaro et al., 2021; Parker et al., 2021)
			Other gene mutations related to FM	(Suzuki et al., 2010; Brennan et al., 2013)
		Other studies	Hippocampus	(Liu et al., 2018b)
			Cerebellum	(Morara et al., 1998, 2008; Edvinsson et al., 2011)

TG, Trigeminal Ganglia; CGRP, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; FHM, Familial Hemiplegic Migraine; TNC, Trigeminal Nucleus Caudalis; NTG, Nitroglycerin; IS, Inflammatory Soup; CSD, Cortical Spreading Depression; FM, Familial Migraine.