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Top: The linear absorption spectra of the TCTA and MoOx films (50 and 10 nm thicknesses, respectively) and the TCTA/MoOx bilayer often used as an HTL/HIL combination in conventional QDLEDs. Bottom: Same measurements for the Spiro-2NPB HIL and HAT-CN HTL. The use of latter materials allows for considerable reduction of optical losses. Reproduced with permission from ref (62) (CC-BY 4.0).
